Methemoglobinemia in the Setting of G6PD Deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Authors

Rinata Azizbayeva, Department of Family Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh PA
Zachary Drennen, Department of Anesthesiology, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh PA
Risha Solanki, Department of Family Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh PAFollow
Vinay Edlukudige Keshava, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh PA
Rama Bhagavatula, Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh PA
Meera Sareen, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh PA
Rahim Ali Jiwani, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh PA
Yazan Samhouri, Division of Hematology and Cellular Therapy, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh PA

Abstract

We report a case of a 58 year old African American male patient with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the setting of multiple concomitant hematologic disorders, including Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD deficiency) and sickle cell trait. Typically, G6PD deficiency remains clinically silent, and only a minority of patients will show signs of chronic hemolytic anemia. However, all G6PD deficient patients are at risk of non-immune hemolysis after exposure to a variety of infectious pathogens, including COVID-19. Our patient displayed evidence of methemoglobinemia and subsequent tissue anoxia. We review the theories and mechanisms behind the increased risk of complications and severity of illness in the context of COVID-19 and hematologic disorders. These patients may require alternative treatment pathways due to their comorbidities. This case emphasizes the complications that can arise in this setting, and highlights important considerations for patient treatment.

Recommended Citation

Azizbayeva, Rinata; Drennen, Zachary; Solanki, Risha; Keshava, Vinay Edlukudige; Bhagavatula, Rama; Sareen, Meera; Jiwani, Rahim Ali; and Samhouri, Yazan (2023) "Methemoglobinemia in the Setting of G6PD Deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 Infection," Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives: Vol. 13: Iss. 5, Article 12.
DOI: 10.55729/2000-9666.1223
Available at: https://scholarlycommons.gbmc.org/jchimp/vol13/iss5/12