Abstract
The Hypothalamus-Pituitary axis (HPA) is a rare location for metastasis of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Lymphomas constitute less than 0.5% of reported HPA metastasis. This case is unique in that, in addition to the noted panhypopituitarism; initial diagnostics demonstrated marked hyponatremia, consistent with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which was subsequently complicated by sudden diabetes insipidus (DI), suggesting hypothalamic/stalk infiltration. Despite low sensitivity, CSF cytology/flow cytometry may serve as a less invasive diagnostic measure. Treatment includes systemic chemotherapy with agents that cross the blood-brain barrier. Surgical resection alone or associated radiotherapy did not show an increase in survival. The prognosis remains poor.
Keywords: Pituitary metastasis; Hypothalamic pituitary axis; Non Hodgkin's lymphoma; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; Diabetes insipidus; DLBCL; SIADH
Recommended Citation
Alghzawi, Fadi; Martinez-Cruz, Maria; Bhat, Salman Zahoor; and Haas, Christopher
(2024)
"A Biphasic Presentation of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Metastasis to the Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis: A Case Report and Literature Review,"
Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives: Vol. 14:
Iss.
5, Article 25.
DOI: 10.55729/2000-9666.1393
Available at:
https://scholarlycommons.gbmc.org/jchimp/vol14/iss5/25
